๐Ÿ“˜ TOEIC Part 5 ํ† ์ต๋ชจ์˜๊ณ ์‚ฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ 30๋ฌธํ•ญ Vol.1 ํ•ด๋‹ต ๋ฐ ํ•ด์„ค



๐Ÿ“˜ TOEIC Part 5 ํ† ์ต๋ชจ์˜๊ณ ์‚ฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ 30๋ฌธํ•ญ Vol.1 ํ•ด๋‹ต ๋ฐ ํ•ด์„ค


์ •๋‹ตํ‘œ 

๋ฒˆํ˜ธ ์ •๋‹ต ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ ์ •๋‹ต ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ ์ •๋‹ต
1 B 11 B 21 A
2 B 12 B 22 D
3 B 13 A 23 A
4 A 14 A 24 A
5 B 15 B 25 A
6 A 16 B 26 B
7 A 17 A 27 A
8 B 18 A 28 A
9 C 19 C 29 B
10 B 20 C 30 A


1๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต B) will have established

ํ•ด์„ค
by the end of next year(๋‚ด๋…„ ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€)๋Š” ๊ทธ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ผ์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์™„๋ฃŒ **will have + p.p.**๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.
(A)·(D)๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ๋ฏธ๋ž˜/์ง„ํ–‰ ๋А๋‚Œ์ด๋ผ “๊ทธ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์™„๋ฃŒ” ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๊ณ , (C) ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ์ง„ํ–‰๋„ ์‹œ์ ๊ณผ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
๊ณ ๊ฐ ์ˆ˜์š”์˜ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ธํ•ด, ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‚ด๋…„ ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€ ๋™๋‚จ์•„์‹œ์•„์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์‹œ์„ค์„ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ•ด ๋†“์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ departmental : ๋ถ€์„œ์˜ / production facility : ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์‹œ์„ค / due to : ~ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—


2๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต B) upon

ํ•ด์„ค
log out of their computers ______ leaving the office
์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์„ ๋– ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ๋งํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ‘~ํ•˜์ž๋งˆ์ž’์˜ ๋œป์ธ upon -ing๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.
during์€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„, despite๋Š” ์–‘๋ณด, without์€ ‘๋– ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ’์˜ ๋œป์ด๋ผ ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ณด์•ˆ ๊ทœ์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง์›์€ ์ž ์‹œ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋น„์šฐ๋”๋ผ๋„ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์„ ๋– ๋‚˜์ž๋งˆ์ž ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์—์„œ ๋กœ๊ทธ์•„์›ƒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ security policy : ๋ณด์•ˆ ๊ทœ์ • / log out : ๋กœ๊ทธ์•„์›ƒํ•˜๋‹ค


3๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต B) whom

ํ•ด์„ค
two specialists, both of ______ have …
์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ specialists๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ๋ณต์ˆ˜์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ both of whom ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.
who๋Š” both of who๋กœ ์“ฐ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ , which๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ, whose๋Š” ๋’ค์— ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ด์„œ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
๊ทธ ์ปจ์„คํŒ… ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ ์„ธ๋ฌด ๊ทœ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๋ช…์„ ์ฑ„์šฉํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‘˜ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ทธ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ํญ๋„“์€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ consulting firm : ์ปจ์„คํŒ… ํšŒ์‚ฌ / specialist : ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€


4๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต A) to provide

ํ•ด์„ค
encourage๋Š” encourage + ์‚ฌ๋žŒ + to๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋‹ค.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ encourages staff members ______ feedback์—๋Š” to provide๊ฐ€ ์™€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. -ing ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์€ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋œ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
์ธ์‚ฌ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์ต๋ช… ์ œ์•ˆ ํฌํ„ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—…๋ฌด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋„๋ก ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ encourage : ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๋‹ค / anonymous suggestion portal : ์ต๋ช… ์ œ์•ˆ ํฌํ„ธ


5๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต B) be stored

ํ•ด์„ค
documents must ______ securely
์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ must ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์›ํ˜•์ด ์˜ค๊ณ , ๋ฌธ์„œ๊ฐ€ ‘๋ณด๊ด€๋˜์–ด์•ผ’ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ be stored๊ฐ€ ๋งž๋‹ค.
๋Šฅ๋™ํ˜• store๋Š” ‘๋ฌธ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์ €์žฅํ•˜๋‹ค’๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ , ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜• ์„ ํƒ์ง€๋“ค์€ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์ƒ ๊ณผ์ž‰์ด๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
๋ชจ๋“  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์„œ๋Š” ์Šน์ธ๋œ ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ํ›„์— ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๊ด€๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ confidential document : ๊ธฐ๋ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์„œ / securely : ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ


6๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต A) delay

ํ•ด์„ค
a considerable ______ in the delivery
a + ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€์‚ฐ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์™€์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐฐ์†ก๊ณผ ์ž˜ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” delay(์ง€์—ฐ) ์ด๋‹ค.
deliver๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ, delaying์€ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ, delayed๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ผ ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
์•…์ฒœํ›„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ณต์‚ฌ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ž์žฌ ๋ฐฐ์†ก์— ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์ง€์—ฐ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ severe weather conditions : ์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์•…ํ™” / delivery : ๋ฐฐ์†ก


7๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต A) unless

ํ•ด์„ค
would not proceed with the merger ______ both parties agree
‘์–‘์ธก์ด ํ•ฉ์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ๋‹ค’๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด ๋ถ€์ •์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ unless(~ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ•œ) ์ด ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค.
although, while, since๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์–‘๋ณด/๋Œ€์กฐ/์ด์œ ๋ผ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
CEO๋Š” ์–‘์ธก์ด ์ˆ˜์ •๋œ ์žฌ์ • ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ•œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ proceed with : ~์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋‹ค / merger : ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘


8๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต B) will have completed

ํ•ด์„ค
By the time ~ arrives tomorrow์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด by the time + ํ˜„์žฌ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋ฉด, ์ฃผ์ ˆ์—๋Š” “๊ทธ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์™„๋ฃŒ”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” **๋ฏธ๋ž˜์™„๋ฃŒ will have + p.p.**๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
์ตœ์ข… ์ ๊ฒ€ ํŒ€์ด ๋‚ด์ผ ์•„์นจ ๋„์ฐฉํ•  ๋•Œ์ฏค์ด๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์žฅ๋น„ ์กฐ์ •์„ ์ด๋ฏธ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•ด ๋†“์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ inspection team : ์ ๊ฒ€ ํŒ€ / equipment adjustments : ์žฅ๋น„ ์กฐ์ •


9๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต C) with

ํ•ด์„ค
resolve inquiries quickly and ______ a high level of professionalism
‘๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ’๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ with a high level of professionalism์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋‹ค.
within, on, under๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ~์•ˆ์—/~์œ„์—/~์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
๊ทธ ๊ณ ๊ฐ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์„ผํ„ฐ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์˜๋ฅผ ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์ •๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ professionalism : ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ / resolve inquiries : ๋ฌธ์˜๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋‹ค


10๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต B) efficiently

ํ•ด์„ค
๋™์‚ฌ process๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
efficient๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ, efficiency๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ, efficiencies๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
์ƒˆ๋กœ ๋„์ž…๋œ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋•๋ถ„์— ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ์ด์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๊ฐ ์š”์ฒญ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ efficiently : ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ / process : ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค


11๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต B) had received

ํ•ด์„ค
the product launch could have taken place๊ฐ€์ •๋ฒ• ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ˆ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ **๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ had + p.p.**๊ฐ€ ์™€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์ด ๊ทธ ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋” ์ผ์ฐ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋”๋ผ๋ฉด, ์ œํ’ˆ ์ถœ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ถ„๊ธฐ์— ์ด๋ค„์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ take place : ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋‹ค, ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋‹ค / test results : ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ


12๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต B) as

ํ•ด์„ค
should attend the workshop, ______ it was expected to provide valuable insights
์•ž์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ(์ฐธ์„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค)์˜ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋’ท์ ˆ์—์„œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ as(~์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ) ๊ฐ€ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.
whether๋Š” ‘~์ธ์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€’์˜ ๋œป์œผ๋กœ ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , so๋Š” ๋‹จ๋… ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
๊ทธ ์ด์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ์›Œํฌ์ˆ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ํ†ต์ฐฐ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ชจ๋“  ํŒ€์›์ด ์ฐธ์„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์กฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ emphasize : ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋‹ค / provide insights : ํ†ต์ฐฐ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋‹ค


13๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต A) which

ํ•ด์„ค
์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ equipment๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ์ทจ๊ธ‰์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ many of which๊ฐ€ ์ •๋‹ต์ด๋‹ค.
whom์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, what์€ ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ ํฌํ•จ, whose๋Š” ๋’ค์— ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
์šด์˜ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์‚ฌ ์‹œ์„ค์—์„œ๋„ ์ด๋ฏธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐ ์žฅ๋น„์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ reduce operational costs : ์šด์˜ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ค„์ด๋‹ค / invest in : ~์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋‹ค


14๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต A) aligns with

ํ•ด์„ค
it์€ proposal์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์ฃผ์–ด์ด๊ณ , ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ธฐ์ค€์—์„œ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜• aligns with๊ฐ€ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
์ œ์•ˆ์„œ๋Š” ์ž˜ ์ž‘์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ˆ˜์ •์„ ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ align with : ~์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋‹ค / long-term goals : ์žฅ๊ธฐ ๋ชฉํ‘œ


15๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต B) yet

ํ•ด์„ค
ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ has not been confirmed ______์™€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ not ~ yet(์•„์ง ~ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค) ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ด๋‹ค.
ever, already, still์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋‚˜ ์ž๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ๋ถ€์„œ๋Š” ์ „๊ตญ์ ์ธ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ตœ์ข… ์ผ์ •์€ ์•„์ง ํ™•์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ nationwide campaign : ์ „๊ตญ์ ์ธ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ / confirm : ํ™•์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค


16๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต B) competitive

ํ•ด์„ค
remain ๋’ค์—๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜จ๋‹ค.
remain competitive๋Š” ‘๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋‹ค’๋ผ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
๋ฐฐ์†ก ๋น„์šฉ์˜ ์˜ˆ๊ธฐ์น˜ ์•Š์€ ์ƒ์Šน์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ์—…์ฒด๋“ค์ด ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์กŒ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ remain competitive : ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋‹ค / shipping costs : ๋ฐฐ์†ก๋น„


17๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต A) giving

ํ•ด์„ค
he is ______ a client presentation
be๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋ฉด ํ˜„์žฌ๋ถ„์‚ฌ -ing๊ฐ€ ์™€์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ giving์ด ์ •๋‹ต์ด๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
Jenkins ์”จ๋Š” ์‹œ์นด๊ณ ์—์„œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ client presentation : ๊ณ ๊ฐ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐœํ‘œ / attend the meeting : ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜๋‹ค


18๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต A) appropriately

ํ•ด์„ค
is ______ supported
์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ be supported๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ appropriately(์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ)๊ฐ€ ์™€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
ํšŒ๊ณ„ ํŒ€์€ ๊ฐ ์ƒํ™˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์ฆ๋น™ ์„œ๋ฅ˜๋กœ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ expense report : ๊ฒฝ๋น„ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ / reimbursement request : ์ƒํ™˜ ์š”์ฒญ / verify : ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๋‹ค


19๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต C) where

ํ•ด์„ค
situations ______ safety risks are present
์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ถ€์‚ฌ where๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
์ƒˆ ์ง์›์šฉ ์•ˆ๋‚ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ์ „ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•  ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ safety risks : ์•ˆ์ „ ์œ„ํ—˜ / be present : ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋‹ค / outline procedures : ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋žต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋‹ค


20๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต C) to identify

ํ•ด์„ค
reviewing the contract carefully ______ any potentially unclear terms
‘๋ถˆ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ์กฐํ•ญ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด’๋ผ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ to๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ(๋ชฉ์ ) ๊ฐ€ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
๋ฒ•๋ฌด ๋ถ€์„œ๋Š” ์ž ์žฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์• ๋งคํ•œ ์กฐํ•ญ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ผผ๊ผผํžˆ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ unclear terms : ๋ถˆ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ์กฐํ•ญ / identify : ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋‹ค, ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋‹ค


21๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต A) by

ํ•ด์„ค
submit monthly performance reports ______ the first Friday
ํŠน์ • ์‹œ์  ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๋งˆ๊ฐ ๊ธฐํ•œ์€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ by๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€์„œ์˜ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๋Š” ๋งค๋‹ฌ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์›”๊ฐ„ ์‹ค์  ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ by + ์‹œ์  : ~๊นŒ์ง€ / performance report : ์‹ค์  ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ


22๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต D) satisfied

ํ•ด์„ค
were ______ with the speed
์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต p.p.ํ˜•(๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋А๋ผ๋Š” ์ชฝ) ์„ ์“ฐ๋ฏ€๋กœ satisfied๊ฐ€ ์ •๋‹ต์ด๋‹ค.
satisfying์€ ‘๋งŒ์กฑ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š”’ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ ์ชฝ์˜ ์„ฑ์งˆ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
๊ณ ๊ฐ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์‘๋‹ต์ž์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ ๋ฐฐ์†ก ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์†๋„์— ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ respondent : ์‘๋‹ต์ž / be satisfied with : ~์— ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค


23๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต A) provided

ํ•ด์„ค
will begin next Monday, ______ the necessary permits are issued
‘ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•˜์—’๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ provided (that) ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๋งž๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์‹œ ๋‹น๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•˜์—, ๊ฐœ๋ณด์ˆ˜ ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ ์›”์š”์ผ์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ renovation project : ๊ฐœ๋ณด์ˆ˜ ๊ณต์‚ฌ / permit : ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€์ฆ / be issued : ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰๋˜๋‹ค


24๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต A) enhance

ํ•ด์„ค
develop new skills and ______ their overall job performance
develop์™€ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋™์‚ฌ์›ํ˜•์ด ์™€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ enhance๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
์ง์›๋“ค์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์—…๋ฌด ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ถŒ์žฅ๋œ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ develop skills : ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋‹ค / enhance performance : ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋‹ค


25๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต A) until

ํ•ด์„ค
postpone the budget meeting ______ all departments submit
‘๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€์„œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์ถœํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ๋‹ค’ → until(~ํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€) ๊ฐ€ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
์žฌ๋ฌด ์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€์„œ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ •๋œ ์žฌ๋ฌด์ œํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ postpone : ์—ฐ๊ธฐํ•˜๋‹ค / financial statements : ์žฌ๋ฌด์ œํ‘œ


26๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต B) should have been detected

ํ•ด์„ค
defects … all of which ______ during routine inspections
์ •๊ธฐ ์ ๊ฒ€ ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๋กœ,
์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ + ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜๋™ should have been detected๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
ํ’ˆ์งˆ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํŒ€์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ •๊ธฐ ์ ๊ฒ€์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ defect : ๊ฒฐํ•จ / routine inspections : ์ •๊ธฐ ์ ๊ฒ€ / quality control team : ํ’ˆ์งˆ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํŒ€


27๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต A) at

ํ•ด์„ค
operate ______ reduced capacity
๊ฐ€๋™๋ฅ ·์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต at + ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ์“ด๋‹ค.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ operate at reduced capacity๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์šฉ์  ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๋ถ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ œ์กฐ ๊ณต์žฅ์€ ๊ฐ€๋™๋ฅ ์„ ์ค„์ธ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ์šด์˜์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ supply shortage : ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๋ถ€์กฑ / operate at capacity : ~ ๊ฐ€๋™๋ฅ ๋กœ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋‹ค


28๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต A) reliable

ํ•ด์„ค
the system remains ______
remain ๋’ค์—๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜จ๋‹ค.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ reliable์ด ์ •๋‹ต์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ถ€์‚ฌ reliably๋Š” ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ˆ˜์š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ธํ•ด, ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ํ”ผํฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋Œ€์—๋„ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€๋˜๋„๋ก ์ถ”๊ฐ€ IT ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ peak hours : ํ”ผํฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋Œ€ / reliable system : ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ


29๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต B) compromising

ํ•ด์„ค
without ______ quality
์ „์น˜์‚ฌ without ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜จ๋‹ค.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ compromising์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ , ๋™์‚ฌ์›ํ˜• compromise๋Š” ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
์ œ์ถœ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ œ์•ˆ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ํ›„, ์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” ํ’ˆ์งˆ์„ ํ›ผ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น„์šฉ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ cost-effective solution : ๋น„์šฉ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ… / compromise quality : ํ’ˆ์งˆ์„ ํฌ์ƒํ•˜๋‹ค


30๋ฒˆ

์ •๋‹ต A) because of

ํ•ด์„ค
had to be postponed ______ the severe weather conditions
‘์•…์ฒœํ›„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—’๋ผ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” because of + ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์“ด๋‹ค.
despite๋Š” ‘~์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ’๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ
์›๋ž˜ ์ง€๋‚œ ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋˜ ์‹œ์ƒ์‹์€ ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์•…ํ™” ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๋  ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์–ดํœ˜ award ceremony : ์‹œ์ƒ์‹ / severe weather conditions : ์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์•…ํ™”

์ด ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰

ํƒœ๊ทธ

์‹ ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ธฐ

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