๐Ÿ“˜ TOEIC Part 5 ํ† ์ต๋ชจ์˜๊ณ ์‚ฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ 30๋ฌธํ•ญ Vol.9 — ์ •๋‹ต & ์ƒ์„ธ ํ•ด์„ค

๐Ÿ“˜ TOEIC Part 5 ํ† ์ต๋ชจ์˜๊ณ ์‚ฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ 30๋ฌธํ•ญ Vol.9 — ์ •๋‹ต & ์ƒ์„ธ ํ•ด์„ค



๋ฒˆํ˜ธ ์ •๋‹ต
1 A
2 A
3 B
4 A
5 A
6 C
7 A
8 A
9 A
10 A
11 A
12 A
13 A
14 A
15 A
16 A
17 A
18 A
19 A
20 A
21 A
22 D
23 A
24 A
25 A
26 A
27 A
28 A
29 A
30 A

1

The management team decided that all employee feedback should be ------- confidential in order to encourage honest participation.

(A) kept
(B) keeping
(C) keeps
(D) to keep

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) kept

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

should be ๋’ค์—๋Š” **๋™์‚ฌ ์›ํ˜•์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ(p.p.)**๊ฐ€ ์™€์„œ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค.
๋ฌธ๋งฅ ๋˜ํ•œ “ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์ด ๊ธฐ๋ฐ€๋กœ ์œ ์ง€๋˜๋‹ค”๋ผ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.

keeping → ๋Šฅ๋™/๋ถ„์‚ฌ
keeps → ๋™์‚ฌ
to keep → ๋ชฉ์  ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š์Œ

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

๊ฒฝ์˜์ง„์€ ์ง์›๋“ค์˜ ์ง„์†”ํ•œ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์žฅ๋ คํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง์› ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์ด ๊ธฐ๋ฐ€๋กœ ์œ ์ง€๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

kept: ์œ ์ง€๋œ
confidential: ๊ธฐ๋ฐ€์˜


2

The IT department is currently testing a new platform that enables remote workers to access internal files ------- compromising security.

(A) without
(B) beyond
(C) except
(D) despite

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) without

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

“~ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ”๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ security์™€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ without compromising
ETS์—์„œ๋„ ์ž์ฃผ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ณ ์ • ํŒจํ„ด์ด๋‹ค.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

IT ๋ถ€์„œ๋Š” ์›๊ฒฉ ๊ทผ๋ฌด์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์•ˆ์„ ํ›ผ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ํŒŒ์ผ์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ์ค‘์ด๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

compromise: ์†์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋‹ค


3

The CEO announced several initiatives ------- are expected to improve operational efficiency across all divisions next year.

(A) who
(B) which
(C) what
(D) where

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (B) which

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

initiatives(์‚ฌ๋ฌผ)์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ which๊ฐ€ ์ •๋‹ต.
who๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, what์€ ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, where์€ ์žฅ์†Œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆ.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

CEO๋Š” ๋‚ด๋…„์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์˜ ์šด์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ผ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ด๋‹ˆ์…”ํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

initiative: ์กฐ์น˜, ๊ณ„ํš
operational efficiency: ์šด์˜ ํšจ์œจ


4

All invoices must be submitted electronically ------- the accounting department can process payments more quickly.

(A) so that
(B) whereas
(C) unless
(D) although

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) so that

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

“~ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก”์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์ ˆ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
so that + ์ฃผ์–ด + ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ → ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ •์„ ํŒจํ„ด.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

ํšŒ๊ณ„ ๋ถ€์„œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ชจ๋“  ์ธ๋ณด์ด์Šค๋Š” ์ „์ž ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์ถœํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

invoice: ์ฒญ๊ตฌ์„œ


5

The marketing team will revise the advertising strategy once the market analysis ------- by external consultants.

(A) is completed
(B) completing
(C) complete
(D) has completed

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) is completed

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

analysis๋Š” ‘์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ’ → ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ํ•„์š”
๋˜ํ•œ once๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.

D(has completed)๋Š” analysis๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ…ํŒ€์€ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์ปจ์„คํ„ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์žฅ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ด‘๊ณ  ์ „๋žต์„ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

revise: ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค


6

The event coordinator should verify that all supplies ------- delivered to the venue at least two hours before setup begins.

(A) be
(B) being
(C) are
(D) to be

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (C) are

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

verify that ๋’ค ์ ˆ์€ ํ‰์„œ๋ฌธ ์–ด์ˆœ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
“๋ฌผํ’ˆ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐฐ์†ก๋œ๋‹ค”๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ are delivered๊ฐ€ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์ฝ”๋””๋„ค์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌผํ’ˆ์ด ์„ค์น˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ์ตœ์†Œ ๋‘ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ „์— ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋ฐฐ์†ก๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

verify: ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋‹ค


7

Due to rising material costs, the company is considering ------- the production schedule for the next quarter.

(A) adjusting
(B) adjusted
(C) adjustment
(D) to adjusting

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) adjusting

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

consider + ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ(ing) ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์™€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
adjusted๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ/๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ, adjustment๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

์ž์žฌ ๋น„์šฉ ์ƒ์Šน์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ถ„๊ธฐ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์ผ์ •์„ ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

adjust: ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค


8

The restaurant offers a variety of dishes, ------- are made with locally sourced seasonal ingredients.

(A) most of which
(B) most of them
(C) which of them
(D) most what

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) most of which

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

์ฝค๋งˆ ๋’ค ๋น„์ œํ•œ์  ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ž๋ฆฌ.
์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋Š” dishes → which ํ•„์š”
them์„ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ most of them์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‹€๋ฆผ.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

๊ทธ ์‹๋‹น์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ์ค‘ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์กฐ๋‹ฌํ•œ ์ œ์ฒ  ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

locally sourced: ์ง€์—ญ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ


9

To maintain consistency in brand messaging, all promotional materials must be reviewed ------- they are published.

(A) before
(B) between
(C) beyond
(D) towards

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) before

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

“๋ฐœํ–‰๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค” → before๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€์˜ ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋“  ํ™๋ณด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐœ๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

consistency: ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ


10

The customer service team is working to implement a new chatbot system ------- will reduce average response time significantly.

(A) that
(B) what
(C) where
(D) who

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) that

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

system(์‚ฌ๋ฌผ)์ด ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌ → ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ that์ด ๋งž๋‹ค.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

๊ณ ๊ฐ ์„œ๋น„์ŠคํŒ€์€ ํ‰๊ท  ์‘๋‹ต ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ค„์ผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฑ—๋ด‡ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

implement: ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๋‹ค


11

The hiring committee is looking for applicants who can ------- manage multiple projects under tight deadlines.

(A) effectively
(B) effective
(C) effectiveness
(D) most effective

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) effectively

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

manage(๋™์‚ฌ)๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ effectively๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ„๋‹ค.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

์ฑ„์šฉ์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” ์ด‰๋ฐ•ํ•œ ๋งˆ๊ฐ ๊ธฐํ•œ ์•„๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€์›์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

deadline: ๋งˆ๊ฐ ๊ธฐํ•œ


12

The warranty will remain valid ------- customers follow the recommended maintenance schedule.

(A) as long as
(B) in case
(C) although
(D) unless

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) as long as

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

“~ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ๊ถŒ์žฅ ์œ ์ง€ ๋ณด์ˆ˜ ์ผ์ •์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ํ•œ, ๋ณด์ฆ์€ ์œ ํšจํ•˜๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

valid: ์œ ํšจํ•œ


13

The company’s latest report indicates that profits increased ------- due to improved distribution channels.

(A) primarily
(B) primary
(C) primer
(D) primed

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) primarily

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

๋ถ€์‚ฌ ์ž๋ฆฌ์ด๋ฉฐ “์ฃผ๋กœ”๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ primarily๊ฐ€ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ตœ์‹  ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๊ฐœ์„ ๋œ ์œ ํ†ต ์ฑ„๋„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ต์ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

primarily: ์ฃผ๋กœ


14

All employees are required to attend the orientation session ------- they have previously completed equivalent training.

(A) unless
(B) during
(C) beside
(D) rather

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) unless

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

“์ด์ „์— ๊ต์œก์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด”์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•„์š” → unless.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

๋ชจ๋“  ์ง์›์€ ์ด์ „์— ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ต์œก์„ ์ด์ˆ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ•œ ์˜ค๋ฆฌ์—”ํ…Œ์ด์…˜ ์„ธ์…˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

equivalent: ๋™๋“ฑํ•œ


15

The logistics team is developing a new routing system to deliver packages more ------- during peak seasons.

(A) efficiently
(B) efficient
(C) efficiency
(D) more efficiency

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) efficiently

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

deliver(๋™์‚ฌ)๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ efficiently.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜ํŒ€์€ ์„ฑ์ˆ˜๊ธฐ ๋™์•ˆ ๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์†Œํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์†กํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ผ์šฐํŒ… ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

logistics: ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜


16

The project manager asked whether the updated schedule ------- to all team members by the end of the day.

(A) could be sent
(B) could send
(C) sending
(D) was sending

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) could be sent

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

schedule์€ “๋ณด๋‚ด์ง€๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ” → ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ํ•„์š”
๋˜ํ•œ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ could์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ → could be sent.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๋งค๋‹ˆ์ €๋Š” ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋œ ์ผ์ •์ด ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•ˆ์— ๋ชจ๋“  ํŒ€์›์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์†ก๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

send: ๋ณด๋‚ด๋‹ค


17

The museum acquired several rare manuscripts ------- will be displayed in the special exhibition hall next month.

(A) that
(B) what
(C) how
(D) who

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) that

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

manuscripts(์‚ฌ๋ฌผ) → ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ that.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์€ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹ฌ ํŠน๋ณ„ ์ „์‹œ๊ด€์— ์ „์‹œ๋  ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ํฌ๊ท€ ์›๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํ™•๋ณดํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

acquire: ํš๋“ํ•˜๋‹ค


18

Production delays may occur ------- unexpected machine malfunctions or shortages of key components.

(A) due to
(B) beside
(C) until
(D) across

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) due to

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

due to + ๋ช…์‚ฌ = “~๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—” ์›์ธ ์„ค๋ช….

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

์˜ˆ๊ธฐ์น˜ ์•Š์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๊ณ ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ ๋ถ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์ง€์—ฐ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

malfunction: ๊ณ ์žฅ


19

To reduce environmental impact, the company encourages employees to print documents only ------- necessary.

(A) when
(B) unless
(C) despite
(D) whether

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) when

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

only when necessary → “ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๋•Œ๋งŒ” ํ† ์ต์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž์ฃผ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ํŒจํ„ด.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง์›๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๋•Œ๋งŒ ์ถœ๋ ฅํ•˜๋„๋ก ์žฅ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

impact: ์˜ํ–ฅ


20

The board requested a financial summary ------- includes revenue forecasts and projected expenses for the upcoming fiscal year.

(A) that
(B) where
(C) what
(D) how

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) that

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

summary(์‚ฌ๋ฌผ)์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ → that.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

์ด์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š” ๋‚ด๋…„ ํšŒ๊ณ„์—ฐ๋„์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต ์˜ˆ์ธก๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ์ง€์ถœ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ ์žฌ๋ฌด ์š”์•ฝ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

forecast: ์˜ˆ์ธก


21

All confidential files must be stored securely ------- prevent unauthorized access.

(A) to
(B) for
(C) as
(D) into

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) to

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

๋ชฉ์  ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ตฌ → to + ๋™์‚ฌ์›ํ˜•.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

๋ชจ๋“  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ€ ํŒŒ์ผ์€ ๋ฌด๋‹จ ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๊ด€๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

unauthorized: ๋ฌด๋‹จ์˜


22

The research team plans to conduct additional experiments ------- the initial results proved inconclusive.

(A) because
(B) unless
(C) despite
(D) now that

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (D) now that

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

now that = “์ด์ œ ~์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ” → ์ƒํ™ฉ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ด์œ  ์„ค๋ช….

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๋งŒํผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํŒ€์€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

inconclusive: ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ด ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์€


23

The airline has announced a new baggage policy, ------- allows passengers to check an additional item at no extra cost.

(A) which
(B) what
(C) that
(D) those

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) which

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

์ฝค๋งˆ ๋’ค ๊ณ„์†์  ์šฉ๋ฒ• → which๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋Š” ์Šน๊ฐ์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ธˆ ์—†์ด ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋” ๋ถ€์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋ฌผ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

policy: ์ •์ฑ…


24

The construction company must obtain official permission ------- beginning work on the redevelopment site.

(A) before
(B) beyond
(C) along
(D) except

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) before

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

before + ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ = ~ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

๊ฑด์„ค ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์žฌ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ถ€์ง€์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๊ณต์‹ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

redevelopment: ์žฌ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ


25

To ensure accurate forecasting, analysts must review historical data ------- identifying patterns and long-term trends.

(A) for
(B) while
(C) when
(D) into

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) for

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

for + ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ = ๋ชฉ์ .
“ํŒจํ„ด์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด”๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ธก์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ถ„์„๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ํŒจํ„ด๊ณผ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ์ถ”์„ธ๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

trend: ์ถ”์„ธ


26

The training session was postponed ------- the presenter experienced unexpected travel delays.

(A) because
(B) whether
(C) except
(D) unless

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) because

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

์ด์œ  ์„ค๋ช… → because.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ์—ฌํ–‰ ์ง€์—ฐ์„ ๊ฒช์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ต์œก ์„ธ์…˜์ด ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

postpone: ์—ฐ๊ธฐํ•˜๋‹ค


27

The updated contract specifies that payment must be received ------- fifteen days of the invoice date.

(A) within
(B) along
(C) against
(D) onto

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) within

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ํ‘œํ˜„: within + ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋œ ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒญ๊ตฌ์„œ ๋‚ ์งœ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 15์ผ ์ด๋‚ด์— ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ช…์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

specify: ๋ช…์‹œํ•˜๋‹ค


28

Employees are encouraged to participate in volunteer programs ------- promote community engagement and corporate responsibility.

(A) that
(B) what
(C) whose
(D) whichever

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) that

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

programs(์‚ฌ๋ฌผ) + ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ → that.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

์ง์›๋“ค์€ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์™€ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ถŒ์žฅ๋œ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

engagement: ์ฐธ์—ฌ


29

The new software significantly reduces processing time, enabling the team to complete tasks ------- than before.

(A) faster
(B) fastly
(C) most fast
(D) more fast

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) faster

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

than ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰ → faster
fastly๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

์ƒˆ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋Š” ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ค„์—ฌ ํŒ€์ด ์ด์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

enable: ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‹ค


30

The company installed additional servers ------- increase system stability during periods of high user activity.

(A) to
(B) in
(C) with
(D) by

✔ ์ •๋‹ต: (A) to

✔ ํ•ด์„ค

to + ๋™์‚ฌ์›ํ˜• = ๋ชฉ์  ํ‘œํ˜„.
“์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด”๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ™•.

✔ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ

ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ํ™œ๋™๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋ฒ„๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

✔ ์–ดํœ˜

stability: ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ


์ด ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰

ํƒœ๊ทธ

์‹ ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ธฐ

ํ”„๋กœํ•„